It was developed as a visual bridge between two incompatible scales, the Imperial System and the Metric system. It is based on the height of an English man with his arm raised.
It was created by Le Corbusier in an attempt to use the knowledge of the mathematical proportions in the human body in order to improve the aesthetic value of architecture as well as its function. The system is based on human measurements, the double unit, the Fibonacci numbers and the golden ratio. Anyone would recognize Leonardo da Vinci's Vitruvian Man, and Le Corbusier simply uses the results from works such as these to improve his architecture.
It was used as a system to set out a number of Le Corbusier's buildings and was later codified into two books.
(source: Wikipedia)
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